{"id":1492,"date":"2025-03-11T21:21:13","date_gmt":"2025-03-11T21:21:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/romagenocidemap.org\/?post_type=listing&#038;p=1492"},"modified":"2026-02-04T21:27:59","modified_gmt":"2026-02-04T21:27:59","slug":"tamna-roma-deportations","status":"publish","type":"listing","link":"https:\/\/romagenocidemap.org\/ro\/listing\/tamna-roma-deportations\/","title":{"rendered":"Tamna Roma Deportations &#8211; Translated"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"1492\" class=\"elementor elementor-1492\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f70e261 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7f70e261\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-71a71a14 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"71a71a14\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"react-pdf__Page css-127\" data-page-number=\"42\"><div class=\"react-pdf__Page__textContent textLayer\" data-main-rotation=\"0\"><p><span id=\"p178R_mc13\" class=\"markedContent\"><strong><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Name of the village:<\/span><\/strong> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">T\u00e2mna<\/span><\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">(village in the homonymous commune)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><p><span id=\"p178R_mc14\" class=\"markedContent\"><br role=\"presentation\" \/><strong><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Region, country:<\/span><\/strong> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">Mehedin\u021bi County, Oltenia region (Romania)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><p><span id=\"p178R_mc15\" class=\"markedContent\"><br role=\"presentation\" \/><strong><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Date of deportation:<\/span><\/strong> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">September 1942 (the exact day and month do not appear in the interview, but<\/span><\/span><br role=\"presentation\" \/><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">official reports indicate the date as 12.09.1942)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><p><span id=\"p178R_mc16\" class=\"markedContent\"><br role=\"presentation\" \/><strong><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Excerpt from testimony:<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span id=\"p178R_mc17\" class=\"markedContent\"><br role=\"presentation\" \/><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">\u201cThe Roma remained in the courtyard [of the Gendarmerie] for two days, then all the Roma from the <\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">region were loaded onto a train with fifteen wagons. There was a gendarme in each wagon. The<\/span><\/span><br role=\"presentation\" \/><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">Roma were told they were being evacuated to work on collective fa<\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">rms. Food: 400 grams of<\/span><\/span><br role=\"presentation\" \/><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">cornmeal thrown on the floor, which we shared. No one managed to escape. The journey lasted 15<\/span><\/span><br role=\"presentation\" \/><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">days. The train passed through Tighina, Tiraspol, Odessa.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-size: inherit; color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-weight ); text-align: var(--text-align);\">\u201c[The deported Roma] arrived in the winter of 1942. There were 14,000 of them; by the following\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: inherit; color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-weight ); text-align: var(--text-align);\">summer, only 4,000 Roma were still alive, the rest had died due to typhus, starvation, and other\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: inherit; color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-weight ); text-align: var(--text-align);\">diseases [\u2026]\u201d<\/span><\/p><\/div><div class=\"react-pdf__Page__textContent textLayer\" data-main-rotation=\"0\"><p><span id=\"p181R_mc1\" class=\"markedContent\"><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">Romanian archives (if they exist):<\/span><\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">The Roma deported from the village of T\u00e2mna were mentioned <\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">in a series of official documents (reports, nominal lists of deportees, etc.)\u00a0 Issued by the General <\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">Inspectorate of the Gendarmerie (IGJ) between 1942 and 1944. Thus, the local gendarmerie post <\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">id<\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">entified, during the May 1942 census, a number of 123 \u201cproblematic Roma\u201d in the commune of <\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">T\u00e2mna, who were proposed for deportation (ANIC, IGJ no. 201\/1942: f. 161<\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">&#8211;<\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">162). The\u00a0 same <\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">gendarmes compiled nominal lists with the 1<\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">16 Roma (heads of families, wives, and children) who<\/span><\/span><br role=\"presentation\" \/><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">were deported from T\u00e2mna on 12.09.1942 (ANIC, IGJ file no. 127\/1942: f. 53<\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">&#8211;<\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">55). The name of the <\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">interviewed person (Rafael Matei, born in 1930) does not appear on these lists, but the family of a <\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">certain<\/span><\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">Nicolae Matei, deported to Transnistria along with his wife and three daughters, is mentioned\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">(ANIC, IGJ file no. 201\/1942: f. 161).<\/span><\/span><\/span><span id=\"p181R_mc2\" class=\"markedContent\"><br role=\"presentation\" \/><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\"><br \/><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><p><span class=\"markedContent\"><strong><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Historical note on the Roma:<\/span><\/strong><br role=\"presentation\" \/><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\"><br \/><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><p><span class=\"markedContent\"><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">T\u00e2mna is a village located in the homonymous commune in Mehedin\u021bi County (Oltenia),<\/span><\/span><br role=\"presentation\" \/><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">approximately 35 km from the city of Turnu<\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">&#8211;<\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">Severin. At the beginning of the 1900s, the commune <\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">was of medium size and had 740 inhabitants. Alongside Romanians, there were a<\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">lso several dozen <\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">Roma sedentary families. According to the 1930 general population census, T\u00e2mna had 374 <\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">inhabitants, of whom 27 were\u00a0 sedentary Roma who had preserved their mother tongue (RGP 1930,<\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">vol. II.1: 284<\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">&#8211;<\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">285). Accordi<\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">ng to the testimony of the interviewed person, the Roma from T\u00e2mna, <\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">including his father, were engaged in brick<\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">&#8211;<\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">making. This traditional occupation is still practiced by <\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">the Roma brick<\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">&#8211;<\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">makers in T\u00e2mna today.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><p><span id=\"p181R_mc3\" class=\"markedContent\"><br role=\"presentation\" \/><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\"><b>Historical note on the deportation:<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><p><span id=\"p181R_mc4\" class=\"markedContent\"><br role=\"presentation\" \/><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">The deportation of the Roma from T\u00e2mna was carried out by local gendarmes around 10.09.1942,<\/span><\/span><br role=\"presentation\" \/><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">when 116 Roma (14 families) were taken from their homes and\u00a0 escorted, on foot or by carts, to<\/span><\/span><br role=\"presentation\" \/><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">Drobeta Turnu<\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">&#8211;<\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">Severin (ANIC IGJ file no. 127\/1942, f. 53<\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">&#8211;<\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">55). Accordi<\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">ng to the testimony of the<\/span><\/span><br role=\"presentation\" \/><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">interviewed person, the deported Roma could only take a small hand luggage with them (their <\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">belongings were nationalized). After spending two days in the gendarmerie detention center in <\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">Drobeta, the Roma were loaded into 15 wagon<\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">s, attached to the special train E8, which departed for <\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">Tighina on 12.09.1942. After a journey in inhumane conditions, train E8 reached its destination after<\/span><\/span><br role=\"presentation\" \/><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">almost a week (ANIC, IGJ no. 126\/1942, f. 109; 213<\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">&#8211;<\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">214v).<\/span><\/span><\/span><span id=\"p181R_mc5\" class=\"markedContent\"><br role=\"presentation\" \/><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">Once they arrived in Transnistria, the Roma were settled in several villages (Koroliovka, Mostovoi,<\/span><\/span><br role=\"presentation\" \/><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">Varvarovka, Karanika) near the Bug River and forced to work on\u00a0 collective farms or agricultural<\/span><\/span><br role=\"presentation\" \/><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">estates. The villages were guarded by gendarmes and militia<\/span><\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">formed by ethnic Germans <\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">(Selbstschutz Volksdeutsche), who treated the Roma with brutality and carried out summary <\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">executions. The\u00a0 interviewed person witnessed the agony of Roma who tried to escape but were <\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">caught and burned alive in front of the other dep<\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">ortees. The living conditions in Transnistria were<\/span><\/span><br role=\"presentation\" \/><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">very harsh, and more than ten\u00a0 thousand Roma perished due to disease, cold, and hunger. The<\/span><\/span><br role=\"presentation\" \/><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">interviewed person escaped twice but was caught by German and Romanian troops and interned in<\/span><\/span><br role=\"presentation\" \/><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">the Trihati camp.<\/span><\/span><\/span><span id=\"p181R_mc6\" class=\"markedContent\"><br role=\"presentation\" \/><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">The return to the country took place in the spring of 1944, when an order was issued for the <\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">repatriation of Romanian citizens from Transnistria. The interviewed person returned on foot to <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-weight ); text-align: var(--text-align);\">Tiraspol, then crossed the border back into Romania with his family and\u00a0 returned to T\u00e2mna (his <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 15px;\">house had been nationalized).<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"react-pdf__Page css-127\" data-page-number=\"44\"><div class=\"react-pdf__Page__textContent textLayer\" data-main-rotation=\"0\"><span id=\"p183R_mc1\" class=\"markedContent\"><strong><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">A short note on an aspect of the\u00a0 Roma, for example, a group:<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/div><div class=\"react-pdf__Page__textContent textLayer\" data-main-rotation=\"0\"><span id=\"p183R_mc1\" class=\"markedContent\"><br role=\"presentation\" \/><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">The village of T\u00e2mna includes a\u00a0 significant community of Roma brick<\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">&#8211;<\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">makers.<\/span><\/span><\/span><span id=\"p183R_mc2\" class=\"markedContent\"><br role=\"presentation\" \/><\/span><\/div><div data-main-rotation=\"0\">\u00a0<\/div><div class=\"react-pdf__Page__textContent textLayer\" data-main-rotation=\"0\"><strong><span id=\"p183R_mc2\" class=\"markedContent\"><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Abbreviations used:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/div><div class=\"react-pdf__Page__textContent textLayer\" data-main-rotation=\"0\"><span id=\"p183R_mc3\" class=\"markedContent\"><br role=\"presentation\" \/><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">ANIC<\/span><\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">\u2013<\/span><\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">National Central Historical Archives<\/span><\/span><br role=\"presentation\" \/><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">IGJ<\/span><\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">\u2013<\/span><\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">General Inspectorate of the Gendarmerie<\/span><\/span><br role=\"presentation\" \/><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">RGP 1930<\/span><\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">\u2013<\/span><\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">Sabin Manuil\u0103 (ed.), General Census of the Population of Romania from December 29,<\/span><\/span><br role=\"presentation\" \/><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">1930, vol. II, Bucharest: Official Monitor, National Printing House, 193<\/span><\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><span tabindex=\"0\">8<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":966,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"listing_category":[64],"event_category":[],"service_category":[],"rental_category":[],"classifieds_category":[],"listing_feature":[78,77],"region":[67],"class_list":["post-1492","listing","type-listing","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","listing_category-deportations","listing_feature-rail-deportation","listing_feature-sedentary-lifestyle","region-romania"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - 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